反义疑问句
定义:它表示提问人对自己的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实
构成:陈述句,简短疑问句?
(be/助/情+人称代词)
原则:前肯后否,前否后肯
时态与人称保持一致
一、变化
1. 代词
(1)指示代词或不定代词(指物) everything, nothing, something, anything, that, this等,在简短疑问句中 用 it 替代
Nothing can be eaten, _____ ____? can it
(2)指示代词或不定代词(指人)everybody/everyone, somebody, nobody, anybody, these, those等,在简短疑问句中用they 替代
Anyone should obey the rule, _________ _____? shouldn’t they
(3) the+adj,表示一类人,在简短疑问句中用they替代;
表示事物或抽象概念,在简短疑问句中用it替代。
The young should respect the old, ________ ______? shouldn't they
The beautiful isn't always good, _____ ____? is it
(4)陈述句部分,由both...and..., either...or..., not only...but also..., neither...nor...等连词连接的2个名词或代词做主语时,简短疑问句的主语用复数代词代替
2.陈述句中有no, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly, neither, neither...nor...等否定词, 简短问句要用肯定形式
注意:
陈述句(肯定)--谓语/系表结构中,出现带有否定前缀(un-, in-, im-, dis-等)或者否定后缀(-less等)的词,简短疑问句要用否定形式
He never throws rubbish by himself, _____ ____? does he
It is unfair, _____ ____? isn't it
3. must 用法
(1)mustn’t表示 “禁止” 时,简短问句通常要用must。
(2)must表示 “必须” 时,简短问句通常要用needn’t。
He must finish his homework, _________ _______? needn’t he
(3)当must用来表示肯定推测时,简短问句要根据must后面的动词采用相应的助动词形式。
He must be hungry, _______ _______? isn’t he
4. 陈述句中,need作实义动词,简短疑问句中,用助动词do的适当形式(时态);作情态动词,needn't--need。
5. 五大怪兽
have/has/had to 不得不 don’t/doesn’t/ didn’t 主语?
had better hadn’t 主语?
used to 过去常常 didn’t / usedn’t 主语?
would rather do wouldn’t 主语
ought to do oughtn’t/shouldn’t 主语
注:缩写
(1)'d,分清楚是would(would like/love,would rather)还是had(had better);
(2)'s,分清楚是is还是has(done)
Peter's heard the news, ________ ______? hasn't he
6. to do不定式,doing动名词,以及从句,在简短疑问句中用it 替代
To learn English well is very important, _____ ____? isn't it
7. 祈使句
祈使句 will you?
Let's... shall we?
9. (1)当主句的主语为第一人称时,且谓语动词为表达人观点、看法的词(think/expect/believe/consider/guess/suppose/imagine等),其后的简短问句应与从句相一致
(2)当主句的主语为第二、三人称时,其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致(此时,否定只看主句,与从句无关...)
I don't think you like this picture, _______ _______? do you
They don’t believe you love this picture, _______ _______? do they
二、肯否回答
---She dislikes making a speech to the class, _______ she?
---______. She is shy.
A. does; No B. doesn’t; No
C. does; Yes D. doesn’t; Yes