八下Unit 1 Grammar

Teaching design

 I. Teaching Contents：Grammar Unit 1 8B 

II. Teaching aims:    By the end of the class, the Students are able to     

1. Master the structure and basic usage of the present perfect tense.     

2. Master the rules of forming the past participle of verbs. 

3. Master some expressions of time used in the present perfect tense.  

III. Teaching main points and difficulties:    

1. How to understand adverbs of time and use them with the present perfect tense correctly.    

2. To understand the differences between the present perfect tense and the simple past tense. IV. Teaching preparation: PPT, a computer 

Step 1 Warming up and leading in

 (1) Listen to an English song “I still haven't found what I'm looking for” 

(2) Simply talk about the song. (some sentences)

(3) Ask some questions about the part of Reading    

① How long has Mr Chen lived in Sunshine Town?  

② Can Mr. Chen see his old friends as often as before? Why? 

(4) Present the answers on the screen.  

① He has lived there since he was born.  

② No. Because most of his old friends have moved away.

 (5) Ask Ss to pay more attention to the underlined parts. T explains to let Ss understand the structure “have/has+past participle”.  

（设计意图：通过有针对性地听英文歌曲和对Reading部分内容的复习，使学生对现在完成时有初步的了解，同时也为新课导入做铺垫） 

Step 2 Presentation 

1) Explain the use of the present perfect tense. 

①.表示动作发生在过去并与现在有联系。（We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the present.） eg. I have written some words on the blackboard already. (现在的结果是：字还在黑板上了)    

I have just had my breakfast.（结果是：现在我不饿） 

② 表示过去已经开始持续到现在或将来的动作或状态。（We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.） eg. I have been a teacher since I left my college (大学).    

I have been a teacher for about 20 years.（现在我还是一位教师） 

③ 表示某事直到现在已经发生了多次。（We also use the present perfect tense to talk about how many times an action has happened till now .） eg. I have watched the TV show many times. (设计意图：层层深入、中文讲解、英文举例，帮助学生更好地认识现在完成时的句式结构，让学生根据这些句子更好、更加容易地理解现在完成时） 

2）Practice on PPT (设计意图：通过听说多种形式进行操练，从而让学生对所学内容得到及时巩固。） 

3）Show the following words: already, yet, since, ever, never, just, for and recently by PPT. 

1) already “已经”，放在肯定句句中或句末； 

2) yet放在疑问句句尾时，表示“已经”；放在否定句句尾时，表示“还(没，不)” 

3) ever “曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中； 

4) never “从来没有”，表示否定句中。 

5) just “刚刚”，用于陈述句中； 

6) recently “近来”，用于句末。 Now tell Ss how to use the time expressions above to make sentences. （设计意图：通过小组讨论和操练，让学生自己寻找现在完成时中的时间副词，学会自主学习） 

Step 3 Further understand the structure of the present perfect tense.   

1) Ask Ss to look at the above sentences on ppt. again to find out the structure of the present perfect tense “have/has+past participle”. 

①.Present positive statements of the present perfect tense. 

②.Present negative statements of the present perfect tense. 

③.Present “Yes” and “No” questions of the present perfect tense. (设计意图：让学生自觉地认识现在完成时的肯定句式、否定句式和一般疑问句式及简略回答形式，培养学生自觉学习的良好习惯。)   

2) Practice on PPT. (设计意图：通过练习，及时巩固学生对现在完成时的的肯定句式、否定句式和一般疑问句式及简略回答形式的学习。) 

3) Explain the form of past participle. 大多数过去分词的构成“实义动词原形后加ed，但也有部分动词是不规则变化。  

① Ask Ss to read the words on the table on PPT  

② Ask Ss to finish Part B on P14, then check the answers. 

③ Ask Ss to finish Part C first, then ask two Ss to read the conversation to check the answers. (设计意图：通过多种形式展示动词的过去式和过去分词，尽量使枯燥的词“活”起来，这样既揭发了学生的积极性，又可以帮助学生更持久地记忆相关单词的形式) 

4) Explain the differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. 我们用一般过去时谈论过去发生的动作，但当过去发生的动作和现在有联系有影响时，我们用现在完成时态。 

Step 4 Practice 

用括号中动词的适当时态形式填空：

1. I _________ (see) the 3D film Avatar. It’s amazing! I _________ (see) it a month ago. 

2. —Is your grandfather still alive?      

—No, he _____ already ______ (die).    

—When _______ he _______(die)?        

 — He _______ last year(die).  

3. Mr. Li _______ (begin) to work in this factory in 1990.    

He ___________ (work) in the factory for 20 years. 

（设计意图：训练学生对过去分词、相关时间状语以及现在完成时的运用。）

Step 5 Summary Present Perfect Tense 

1. Vocabulary: yet , recently , ever , just , never, already  2. Structure: have/has + P.P 

3. The constituent of P.P: 

1).regular verbs: 加ed；加d；变y为i加ed；双写辅音字母加ed                      

2) irregular verbs: AAA  ABA; ABB; ABC

 Step 6 Practice Let’s try! I’m sure you can do it well.  Multiple choice. 

1) — _______ you ever _______ with a group?   — Yes, I have.       

A. Did; study        B. Are; studying    C. Were; studying   D. Have; studied 

2) — Lucy, _____ you ____ your ticket?    — Not yet.      

A. did; find          B. have; found       C. has; found         D. do; find 

3) My grandmother ______ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here.       

A. sees              B. can see          C. will see          D. has seen

 4) My aunt is a writer. She ______ more than ten books since 1980.      

A. writes            B. wrote           C. has written          D. will write   

5) — Why won’t you go to the movie with me, Gina?     — Because I ______ it twice.        A. see           B. have seen         C. saw          D. will see 

6) — China develops so fast.   — That’s true. It ______ a lot already.        

A. changes    B. changed      C. will change           D. has changed   

7) Julia isn’t going to the cinema with us because she ______ the film.      

A. sees            B. saw             C. will see         D. has seen 

8) — Look at these stamps. I _______ them for five years   — Wow, they are wonderful.      A. kept            B. have kept         C. have bought         D. keep 

Step 7 Homework 

1. Review the structure and usage of the present perfect tense. 

2. Recite the irregular past participle verbs we’ve learned in this class. 

3. Preview the part of Integrated skills.    

Blackboard Design Present Perfect Tense * Vocabulary: yet , recently , ever , just , never , already  * Structure: have/ has + P.P * The constituent of P.P:  

1) regular verbs: +ed;  +d;  变y为i+ed; 双写辅音字母+ed     

2) irregular verbs: AAA;  ABA;  ABB;  ABC               

Teaching reflection