中考英语易错点小结

1. close的词性及用法

(1) 动词:  关 → close the door → keep the restaurant closed / open for one year.

→The shop closed an hour ago.= The shop has been closed for an hour.

(2) 形容词：亲密的 → my close friend  (closer →closest)

(3) 副词：靠近 → live close to me

closely 密切地 →watch him closely

2. as good as + 形容词 表示“几乎，差不多”= nearly

→The dog lying on the road is as good as dead.

3. 几个重要的分数

three eighths  八分之三

four ninths  九分之四

five twelfths  十二分之五

seven twentieths  二十分之七

three fortieths  四十分之三

seven ninetieths 九十分之七

4. have gone to , have been to , have been in 的区别

(1)---Where is your father?  ---He has gone to Shanghai on business.

(2)This is the first time I have been to your school.

(3)My father has been to Beijing twice. 

have been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用。如：

(1)I have been in Shanghai for three years. 

(2)He has been in America since we returned to China.

5. 易错不规则动词过去式、过分

(1)bite →bit →bit 咬

(2)shut → shut → shut 关闭

(3)spread → spread → spread 传播

(4)fight → fought →fought 打斗，斗争

(5)wake → woke → woken唤醒，醒

(6)rise → rose → risen 上升

(7)hide → hid → hidden 躲

(8)prefer → preferred → preferred

(9)ride → rode → ridden

6. 名词与形容词的固定搭配

(1) The price of the house is very high / low. → The house is very expensive / cheap.

(2) The speed is very high / low. → The car drives very fast / slowly.

(3) Get high praise from others → Others praise him highly

(4) The number of the students is very big / small.

(5) the high / low cost (名词) 高/低消费 → cost (动词) much / little 花费多/少

7. 部分易错、易混淆单词

(1)except 除了 → expect 期望

(2)explain → explaining (千万不能双写n)

(3)ninth → ninetieth → nineties (注意拼写和用法)

(4)separate (不能写成seperate)

(5)silence → silent → silently

(6)pronounce (动词) → pronunciation (名词)

(7)complete (动词；形容词) → completely (副词) （直接加 “ly”）

(8)comfortable （形容词：舒服的）→ comfortably （副词）（去e加y）

(9)true → truly

(10)sure → surely

(11)close → closely

(12)terrible → terribly

8. 几个动词的固定搭配

(1) suggest (not) doing ... / suggest sb (not) doing ...

=advise (not) doing ... / advise sb (not) to do ...

(2) allow doing ... / allow sb to do ... →Sb be allowed to do ...

(3) mind doing ... / mind sb. doing .../ mind one’s doing...

(4)suggest +(that )+主语+(should) do+sth 其中的should 可以省略
→He suggested that you should go there tomorrow.
=He suggested you go there tomorrow.

9. to为介词的短语

(1) pay attention to doing ... 注意做…

(2) look forward to doing ... 期盼做…

(3) devote oneself to doing ...  致力于做 …

(4) lead to doing ... 导致做…

(5) the key to doing ...  做…的关键

(6) make a great difference to doing … 对…产生很大影响

(7) make a contribution to doing … 对…作出贡献

→He devoted most of his time to helping the poor.  他把大部分时间都致力于帮助穷人

→Most of his time he devoted to helping the poor is valuable.  他致力于帮助穷人的大部分时间是宝贵的。

→The details he paid attention to are important 他注意的细节是重要的

The three boy students Miss White paid special attention to ___________ (make) great progress at last.(made)

Have you ever thought about devoting all your life to             (support) different charities? (supporting)

China builds Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge many engineers completely devoted themselves to             _________   (drive) the development of these areas. (to drive)

The time he has devoted ______ the poor is now considered to be ______ great value ______ him. (D)

A. to help, of, for          B. to helping, /, to    C. to help, in, of              D. to helping, of, to

10. 区分下面两个句子结构

All that he said was important to us. （定语从句）

What he said was important to us. （what he said 作主语）

11. “-ed” 和 “-ing” 形容词的用法

(1) “-ed” 表人的感受，一般放在be 动词或连系动词后作表语。

feel interested in … / feel frightened of … / feel excited about …/ feel tired of ... / feel bored with …

feel bored with 对… 厌烦、不感兴趣  → She's bored with parents' quarrel.  她对父母的争吵感到厌倦.

(2) “-ing” 两种用法 (1) –ing + 名词   (2) It’s + -ing + for sb. to do …

An exciting trip / a surprising ending / a tiring journey / a satisfying job

It is satisfying / tiring / exciting … for him to do …

He has made the______________ (satisfy) progress since he gave up playing computer games. (satisfying)

12. 词性转变的几种常见形式

(1)support him = be in support of him 支持他

(2)need money = be in need of money 需要钱

(3)be important to him = be of importance to him 对他是重要的

(4)be useful to him = be of use to him  对他有用

(5)be helpful to him = be of help to him 对他有帮助

(6)be valuable to him = be of value to him  对他有价值

(7)Thank him for helping me

= be thankful to him for helping me = be grateful to him for helping me. 因为帮助我感激他

(8)What is the cost of the book?=How much does the book cost?

13. 否定词和反义词的用法区别

(1)— He often disagrees your ideas,          he？

—         . We often have different thoughts．

A. does; Yes                 B. doesn’t; Yes              C. does; No             D. doesn’t; No

(2)---Mrs Rainbow seldom uses her colour therapy, ______ she? 

---_____, she suggests different colours to different people, and it works well.

A. doesn’t, Yes                  B. does, Yes                C. doesn’t, No            D. does, No

否定词：never, seldom, hardly, little, few, nothing, nobody

反义词：dishonest, unhappy, impossible, disagree…… （有否定前缀的）

14. 常见动词短语辨析

put : put on 穿上，上演 / put up 张贴，搭建 / put out 扑灭 / put in 安装 / put away 把…收好 / put off 推迟

take: take up 占有，从事 / take off 起飞; 脱下 / take on 接受，承担 / take away 拿走

turn: turn on 打开 / turn off 关掉 / turn out 结果 / turn down 拒绝，调低 / turn up 出现，开大

—Simon failed the exam again.

—That's not surprising. Computer games________ too much of his time.

A. take out                               B. take away                    C. take off                                D. take up

15. every, each, both 用法区别

Every book = each book 每本书

Every one of the books = each of the books = the books each  这些书当中的每一本

→Every one of the books / Each of the books is interesting.

=The books each are interesting.  每一本书都有趣。

Both books  两本书 → both of the books 这些书当中的两本

16. 主语+used to do … 过去常常做…

→主语+be used to do / for doing … 被用来做…

→主语+be / get used to doing … 习惯于做…

The Greens __________ in a big city. Now they’ve _________ in the small town.

A. got used to live; got used to living                                              B. used to live; got used to living

C. were used to live; used to live                                                      D. used to live; used to living

17. 区分分词作状语，动名词作主语和祈使句

______________ with her twin sister, Kate is slimmer. (比较)

__________your picture with the one on the blackboard to see if there are any differences.(比较)

______________ the life on Mars with the life on the Earth will make us know about Mars better. (比较)

18. afford, spend, take, cost 的用法区别

(1) 人+afford + to do … / 名词 → I can afford the house. = I can afford to buy the house.

(2) 人+spend +钱 / 时间+ (in) doing … / on +名词

→I always spend much money and time learning foreign languages.

(3) 物+cost +钱 → The books will cost you twenty yuan.

(4) 物+take +时间

→Taking a bus to school takes him half an hour every day.

=It takes him half an hour to take a bus to school every day.

19. raise, rise, increase 用法区别

raise + 宾语 → raise his head / voice.

rise 不及物动词，表示“……上升” rise → rose → risen → ★rising (形容词：上升的)

(1) The price of the house has risen a lot so far.

(2) The temperature will rise to 30 degrees tomorrow.

(3) The rising prices made me unable to afford the house. 上升的价格使我不能买得起这栋房子

★Increase 增加 (1) 及物动词  (2) 名词

(1) His achievements have increased rice production by 20%.

(2)The Earth is becoming more and more polluted because of the rapid increase in population.

20. lie的不同意思及过去式、过去分词、现在分词

lie 说谎 → lied → lied → lying

lie 位于；躺 → lay → lain → lying

lay 放置；下蛋 → laid → laid → laying

21. forgetful和forgettable的区别

(1)forgetful adj.（指人或形容人）健忘的; 易忘事的

→She is a forgetful girl. 她是个健忘的女孩。

(2)forgettable adj.(因平淡无奇)容易被遗忘的，不被人记住的

→He has acted in three forgettable action films. 他曾经在三部不起眼的动作片中出演角色.

22. 时间前的介词

→in May 2020

→on May 5th 2020

→on Sunday afternoon →on the morning of May 1 →on a winter morning

→every Sunday afternoon →next Sunday afternoon →this Sunday afternoon (前面不加介词)

_______May 5th, 2017, the C919 took off successfully for the first time at Shanghai Pudong International Airport. 

A. On                                 B. In                                   C. At                                  D. Of

23. ugly的运用

ugly →uglier →ugliest →ugliness

What a terrible painting! I have never seen an ____________ (ugly) painting than this!

24. so 和such的用法   (遇到little要认真分析其意思“小”还是“少”)

→so little a child = such a little child (so+形+a/an+名=such+a/an+形+名)

→such little children  如此小的孩子们  (such+形+复数名词)

→such exciting information (such+形+不可数名词)

(so many, much, little, few) →so little money  如此少的钱

Do you think that ________ little children should know ________ knowledge of road safety?

A. so; little                      B. such; a little        C. such; few           D. so; a few

25. 几种固定的表达方式

→in the 1870s 在19世纪70年代

→in one’s forties 在某人40多岁 → in one’s nineties 在某人90多岁

→The temperature is in the thirties. 温度在30多度

________, when Simon was already__________, he began to learn Russian.

A. In 1870s; in his fifties B. In 1870s; in fifties  C. In the 1870s; in his fifties            D. In the 1870s; in fifties

26. “情不自禁”；“迫不及待”不混淆

can’t help doing … = can’t stop doing … 情不自禁做某事

Can’t wait to do … 迫不及待做某事

27. in one’s mind 和on one’s mind区别

→in one’s mind 想着→侧重于表示“plan”

→on one’s mind惦记,忧虑；侧重于表示“worried”

-- _________?   —I am worried about the coming exam.

A. What’s on your mind      B. What’s in your mind   C. What’s so funny        D. What are you doing

28. “实现我的梦想”如何翻译

(1) realize my dream = achieve my dream .

→My dream has been realized. = My dream has been achieved. (realize和achieve有被动)

(2) My dream has come true (come true无被动)

29. none、no one / nobody、nothing用法区别

---How many / How much ……?  ---None. （强调数量）

---Who is in the room?  ---No one / Nobody. （强调“谁都没有”）

---What’s in the fridge?  ---Nothing. （强调“什么也没有”）

比较两组对话：

(1)---Did any of your friends come to see you?  ---None 一个也没来

(2)---Did anyone come to see you?  ---No one / nobody 谁也没来

30. a great deal of 、a number of 、a couple of 、plenty of区别

(1)a great deal of 修饰不可数名词，意为“许多的”，谓语动词用单数

→He seems to have a great deal of money. 他好像有很多钱。

(2)a number of / large numbers of 只修饰可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。

→Large numbers of people become homeless. 大量的人流离失所。

(3)couple ★指 “一双或一对夫妻，情侣”，这时候可以看做单数，也可以看做复数

→The young couple are / is quarrelling with each other.这对年轻夫妻在吵架。（视为复数）

★如果couple指的是【几个】，那后面的谓语动词当然是用复数了.
→A couple of new ideas are what we need now. 我们现在需要的就是一些新的想法。

(4)plenty of 大量、很多、许多。后面接可数名词和不可数名词均可（没有a plenty of这个词组）

→plenty of eggs/time/money充裕的鸡蛋/时间/钱

31. prove的用法

(1) 及物动词，后跟名词 / that从句

→He has proved his bravery in the battle. 他在战斗中证实了他的勇敢。

→It proved that he was a thief. 这证实他是一小偷。

★(2) 连系动词，后跟形容词

→The machine proves (to be) valuable. 这台机器证明是有价值的。

(3) prove + 宾语 + 宾补

→He proved himself (to be) an excellent athlete. 他证实自己是个出色的运动员。

32. 宾语从句中常见的疑问代词作主语的陈述句语序

(1)I want to know what’s wrong with you / what’s the matter with you / what’s the trouble with you?

(2)Could you tell me which is the way to the museum?

(3)Please tell me who can help us with our work.

33. 对… 有影响

affect him = influence him  （动词）

have an effect on him = have an influence on him  （名词）

make a great difference to doing ... 对做某事有影响

34. 关于“so will I”和“neither will I”

(1)回答如表示“如果你去，我也去”，则是so will I if you go.

(2)回答如表示“如果你不去，我也不去”，则是neither will I if you don’t go. 遵循主将从现的原则

---Will you go to Lucy's birthday party this Sunday, Bill?  ---________ I if you ________.

A. So do; go                                            B. Neither will; don’t go

C. Neither will; won’t go                                D. So shall; will go

35. 针对强调句型中所强调的内容提问

强调句型：It was +强调内容 + that + 句子，

It was he who invited me to the party yesterday. （强调主语）

It was him who I met at the school gate yesterday. （强调宾语）

It is in the park that I saw your friend yesterday.  （强调地点状语）

如对强调内容提问则是：what was it that + 句子其它部分，回答也应该是名词形式。

--- _______ made her ashamed of herself?  --- ______ the lowest mark in her class.

A. What; Because she got                        B. Was it what; Getting

C. What was it that; That she got                       D. What was it that; Getting

36. fit、suit、match用法区别

(1)fit 往往强调尺寸、大小或形状上的吻合。

→This coat fits me very well.这件外套我穿起来很合身。

(2)suit侧重于符合某人的口味，或服装颜色、款式等的相配或适合。

→That haircut suits you.那种发型很适合你。

→Blue suits you.你适合穿蓝色（服装）。

(3)match多指两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等方面很相配，显得很协调。

→The carpets should match the curtains.地毯应该和窗帘相配。

→Do these shoes match my dress?这鞋子与我的衣服配吗？

--- What do you think of the jacket and the hat I wear today?

--- I don’t think this jacket _________ you and that your hat _______ this jacket perfectly.

A. suits; fits          B. meets; fits         C. matches; suits                 D. fits; matches

37. lively、live、living、alive区别

(1)lively活泼的；活跃的→liveliness

(2)live 现场直播→cover live →be covered live

(3)living 活着的→the living things (定语)

(4)alive活着的→the scientist alive (后置定语)  →He is sill alive. (表语)

Helen is watching a basketball match Which is shown _______ on TV. Though he is not on the scene, he can still cheer for his team.

A. lively                      B. live                         C. living                             D. alive

38. run out 用光、耗尽（无被动）→run out of用光、耗尽（有被动）

→His pocket money has run out.

=His pocket money has been run out of.

=He has run out of his pocket money.

39. likely与possible的用法区别

The boy student is most likely to be our monitor. → 人+ be +likely to be +名词

=It is possible for the boy student to be our monitor. → It’s + possible for + 人+to do ...

40. 反义疑问句

I don’t think it’s tiring to climb the states, is it?

He’s already back from America, isn’t he?  

He’s already come back from America, hasn’t he?

Let’s wake him up, shall we?

Let us wake him up, will you?

41. population 人口

(1)India has a population of over one billion.  印度有十多亿人口。

=The population of India is over one billion.

(2)India has the second largest population in the world. 印度拥有世界第二大人口

(3)Seventy percent of the population in China are farmers. 中国百分之七十的人口是农民。

(4)The population of China is larger / bigger than that of Japan. 中国的人口比日本的人口多。

(5)What’s the population of Chins? 中国的人口是多少？

42. so …that / such …that句型

The population of the city is so large / big that the city is always crowded.

He worked so hard that we all praise him highly.

He has made such great progress that we are all proud of him.

It is so interesting a book / such an interesting book that we all like it.

43. 定语从句的两个例句

(1)Is this the places ___________ you mentioned on the phone?  (which / that)

(2)Are these places__________ you mentioned on the phone? (the ones which / the ones that)

44. 主谓一致

4. No one except Tom and Kate________(have) lunch at home on Sundays.  (has)

The boy as well as his parents _________(decide) to go abroad for further study already.  (has decided)

The tourists together with the boy _________(attract) by the beauty of Yangzhou.  (are attracted)

45. 星期

Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday

→on Wednesday morning 在周三早上

46. 月份

January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December

47. 数字

四：① four → fourth  ② fourteen → fourteenth  ③ forty → fortieth → forties

→three fourths 四分之三， on his fortieth birthday 在他四十岁生日， in his forties 在他四十多岁

八：① eight → eighth  ② eighteen → eighteenth ③ eighty → eightieth → eighties

→three eighths 八分之三， on his eightieth birthday 在他八十岁生日， in his eighties 在他八十多岁

九： ① nine → ninth  ② nineteen → nineteenth  ③ ninety → ninetieth → nineties

→two ninths 九分之二， on his ninetieth birthday 在他九十岁生日， in his nineties 在他九十多岁

十二：twelve → twelfth

→live on the twelfth floor 住在12楼

二十：twenty → twentieth → twenties

→on his twentieth birthday 在他二十岁生日， in the twenties （温度）在二十多度

→★我们班女生的数量仅为男生的三分之一。

The number of the girls is only one third of that of the boys in our class.

48. 几个重要的句型

(1)so … that

①五一假期间车辆很多，游客们不能按时到达扬州。

There was so much traffic during the May Day holiday that tourists couldn’t arrive in Yangzhou on time.

=The traffic was so busy during the May Day holiday that tourists couldn’t reach Yangzhou on time.

②这幅画很壮美，得到了艺术家们的高度赞赏。

The painting was so wonderful that it won high praise from the artists.

=The painting was so wonderful that the artists thought / spoken highly of it.

(2)prefer doing … to doing… =  prefer to do … rather than do… = would rather do… than do… = would do… rather than do…

比起做一名导演，他更想做一名普通演员。

He prefers being / to be a common actor to being / rather than be a director.

(3)形式主语

经常把卧室搞得一团糟，你真粗心。

It’s careless of you to make your bedroom in a mess.

(4)宾语从句

大多数学生不理解他们的父母为什么在学习上对他们如此严格。

Most students don’t understand why their parents are so strict with them in their study

(5)主从复合句：not…until, as soon as.

①直到你深入了解他，你才会发现不平凡之处。

You will not find anything unusual until you learn more about him.

②他一打开手机，大量的信息就出现在屏幕上。

As soon as he turns on his mobile phone, a great deal of / plenty of information will appear on the screen.

49. 几个常用词性的变化

(1)explain → explanation 解释   (2)introduce → introduction 介绍   (3)conclude → conclusion  结论

(4)pronounce → pronunciation 发音   (5)invite → invitation  邀请   (6)complete → completely 完全地  

(7)true → truly  真正地   (8)gentle →gently 温柔地  (9)comfortable → comfortably 舒服地 

(10)untidy → untidily  不整洁地  (11)sure → surely 确定地  (12)describe → description 描述 

(13)possible → possibility 可能性   (14)lonely → loneliness  孤单 (15)lively → liveliness  活泼

 

 

 

 

作文常用连接词

1. 此外besides, moreover ,in addition, what’s more, on top of that

2. what’s worse更糟糕的是

3. on one hand  一方面on the other hand  另一方面

4. Last but not least 最后但不是最不重要

5. in conclusion  总之

6. As far as I am concernedm, From my point of view, ….. 就我而言; 对我来说

转换一些高级短语和句型

1．cannot do sth → fail to do sth

2. You’d better do sth  → It’s a good choice to do sth.

3. You should do sth. → You are supposed to do sth.

4. try one’s best to do sth → make every effort to do sth

5. think about sth → take sth. into consideration

6. sth is very important/ significant. → Nothing is more important than …

→Sth. matters a lot.

7. It is not necessary to do sth→ There is no need for sb to do sth

8. Of course , …→ There is no doubt that … → It goes without saying that

9. Because of … → Due to → Thanks to

10. make up one’s mind to do → be determined to do sth

11.It’s high time that we should behave well to be an excellent teenager.

是该…的时候了。

结尾

12.→ From what we have discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that …

→ No matter what / which /when /where / who, …

→ As long as …只要…

as long as

只要我们尽自己所能，我们就能为环保做出贡献。

As long as we try our best, we can make a contribution to protecting the environment.

13. Only in this way/ Only if/ when … will we ….

只有这样，我们才能保护濒危的大熊猫

Only in this way will we protect the endangered giant pandas.

只有我们取得学习和娱乐之间的平衡，我们才会理智的使用手机。

Only if we achieve a balance between study and entertainment will we use mobile phones wisely.

Only when everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment will the world become more and more beautiful.

 

 

 

冲刺中考---作文及书写训练    

经典完成句子集锦

1. 这本书很重要，值得反复阅读。

This book is so important that it is worth reading again and again.

2. 病毒传播之后，人们别无选择只能呆在家里。

After the virus was spread, people  had no choice but to stay at home.

3. 许多国际组织高度评价了中国的医生和护士。

Many international organizations think highly of Chinese doctors and nurses.

4. 谢谢你为我们提供了如此重要的信息。

Thank you for providing us with such important information.

=Thank you for providing such important information for us.

5. 这房间如此杂乱，他整理起来有困难。

The room is in such a mess that he has difficulty / trouble tidying it up.

6. 你再怎么小心防范身边的危险都不为过。

You can’t be too careful to guard against the danger around you.

7. 我们应该把垃圾分类以便回收。

We should separate waste into different groups so that it can be recycled.

8. 我们会尽力使扬州成为一个更宜居住的城市。

We will try our best to make Yangzhou a better city to live in.

9. 他迫不及待想知道他在这次考试中是不是会领先。

He can’t wait to know whether / if he will take the lead in the exam.

10. 毫无疑问这个房子是值得购买的。

There is no doubt that the house is worth buying.

11. 火星上的生活不仅有趣，而且还有挑战性。

Life on Mars would be not only interesting but also challenging.

=Life on Mars would be interesting as well as challenging.

12. 为了开会不迟到，你最好避开交通高分期。

In order not to be late for the meeting, you'd better avoid the rush hour.

13. 他爸爸已经到上海出差三天了。

My father has been in Shanghai on business for three days.

14. 生活在如此美丽的一座城市我们是多么幸运啊！

How lucky we are to live in such a beautiful city!

15. 必须采取更安全的措施来保护人们免受火灾的危害。

safer action(s) must be taken to protect people from fire / keep people safe from fire.

16. 很多与我同龄的青少年宁愿放弃也不愿求助。

Many teenagers of my age prefer to give up rather than ask for help.

=Many teenagers of my age prefer giving up to asking for help.

17. 他宁愿严格要求自己也不愿放弃实现他的梦想。

He would rather be strict with himself than give up realizing his dream.

=He prefers to be strict with himself rather than give up realizing his dream.

=He prefers being strict with himself to giving up realizing his dream.

18. 这些老照片常常使我想起30年前扬州的样子。

These old photos often remind me of what Yangzhou was like 30 years ago.