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高三英语一轮复习必修三 Unit1 Back to school

一. 语篇回顾

Reading

The Amazon rainforest, the largest rainforest in the world, crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. It covers 1. __an___ area of around 6 million square kilometres. It is named after the Amazon River, 2. __which_______ is close to 6,400 kilometres in length, 3. ___supporting______(support) many different ecosystems, which give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth, one tenth known species in the world living in it.

There are 4. ____varieties_____ (variety) of plants in the Amazon rainforest. Of the 390, 000 plant species known to us, over 40, 000 can be found there. The forest's different levels support an 5. ___unbelievable___(believe ) variety of wildlife. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.

There are more than l, 300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals living there. Among them 6. ____is_____ (be) the jaguar, which can survive here.

The Amazon rainforest is not only home to numerous species of animals and plants but also known as the "lungs of the planet", because it breathes life 7. ____into_____ the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. But over the past 50 years, 17 per cent of the rainforest 8. ___has disappeared__(disappear) due to human activities. And some species are also in danger of 9. __extinction__ (extinct). 10. ____It_____ is time for us to do something to protect it.

Extended Reading

The TV host invites three guests (James Smith,Vincent Brown, and Julie Archer) to News that Matters to discuss the question 1. __whether____we should choose the economy or the environment. The three have different opinions as follows.

James Smith, a local resident , protests 2. __against__heavy industry. In his hometown the air used to be fresh, the grass green, and the water clear, 3. __but___ things became entirely different after heavy industry factories 4. __ moved___ (move) in. The river is dirty and smelly. The sky isn't blue. He has even got a cough that he can't get rid of. For health and safety reasons alone, he thinks heavy industry has to go.

However, Vincent Brown, a senior manager, doesn't agree with Smith's opinion. In 5. _defence__(defend) of factories, he says (that)they are responsible businessmen and 6. __that___ they have taken a lot of measures 7. ___to reduce_ (reduce) pollution in the production process 8. __despite___ the fact that production costs are raised. Besides, they have created many jobs for local residents and helped the city's economy grow.

Julie Archer ,an environmental protection expert, says that there are indeed conflicts between environmental protection and economic growth. However, if people try to work hand in hand with factories and the government, a balance between the environment and development can 9. __be achieved (achieve). Everyone can help by following the golden rule: reduce, reuse and recycle. The fortunes of our environment and our economy are10. ___inseparable__ (separate). It is our duty to protect our environment while aiming for economic development.

二. 核心词汇

1.harm n.& vt.伤害,损害→ harmful adj.有害的→ harmless adj.无害的

2.variety n.不同种类;多样性;变种,变体→vary v.变化→ various adj.多种多样的

3.living adj.活着的,活的;在使用的 n.生计,谋生;生活方式→live v.活着 adj.活的;实况转播的;现场表演的→ lively adj.活泼的

4.survive vi.生存,存活 vt.幸存,幸免于难→ survival n.幸存→survivor n.幸存者

5.agriculture n.农业,农学→ agricultural adj.农业的

6.global adj.全球的;全面的→ globe n.球体

7.application n.应用,运用;申请→ apply v.申请;应用

8.defence n.辩护;防御,保护;防守→defend vt.保护→ defensive adj.防御的;保卫的;保护的

9.poison vt.污染;毒死,毒害 n.毒物,毒药→ poisonous adj.有毒的

10.chemical n.化学制品;化学品 adj.化学的;化学作用的→chemistry n.化学→chemist n.化学家;药剂师

三. 重点词组

1. in turn 　　　　相应地,转而

2. break down 使分解(为),使变化(成)

3. breathe life into 给……带来起色,注入活力

4. due to 由于,因为

5. build up 逐渐增加,扩大

6.come up with 想出,想到

7.call for (公开)要求;需要

8. spring to mind 突然记起(或想到)

9.get rid of 摆脱,丢弃,扔掉

10.give rise to 使发生(或存在)

四. 语境填词

1.(2021·新高考全国卷 I ) Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever increasing populations , greatly reducing waterfowl habitat（栖息地）.

2.(2021·新高考全国卷 I ) Mr. Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official （正式的） page turner for the past four years .

3.(2021·新高考全国卷 I ) If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel , look no further（进一步） than Youth Station .

4.(2021全国卷乙） Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact（影响） travel to undisturbed places .

5.(2021·全国乙） Indeed , the researchers found that face - to face interactions and conversations affect the creative process（过程）.

6.(2021·全国卷甲） I come to you , hat in hand , to apologize for the damage（损失） I had indirectly caused and to ask you to reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel .

7.(2021·浙江卷6月） To us , the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living（谋生） with humans , which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions .

8.(2021·浙江卷6月） He explained our basic task , the tractor fired up and we were off , riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with chemicals(化学品)

9.(2021·浙江卷1月） The big message from this study is that there is another species（物种） out there that is meaningful in its communication , so that’s not unique to humans .

10.(2020·全国卷 I ) The beautiful long branches（枝条） covered with pink - colored buds fantastic decorations .

五. 单句语法填空

1.（2021·新高考全国卷 I ) Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support , the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful (harm).

2.(2021·新高考全国卷1) Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival(survive) of our natural resources.

3.(2021·新高考全国卷 I ) The place wasn’t entirely ( entire ) authentic , though .

4.(2021·全国卷甲） A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes , the organization ( organize ) of the event , and , obviously , how much fun is had .

5.(2020·天津卷5月）Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic ( economy ) life of the people living long time ago .

6.(2019·天津卷）If a predator can eat several species , it can survive the extinction( extinct ) of one of them .

7.(2021·全国卷乙）Because of their small size and weight , they cannot be recycled ( recycle ).

8.(2021，全国卷乙） Due to the growing popularity of environmentally - related and adventure travel , various( vary ) types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism .

9.(2021·全国卷乙) Once the drink is gone , the straw will take centuries to disappear ( disappear ).

10.(2021·天津卷3月)Submit your application( apply ) to www . lancasterdesign.org.

六．单元主题：人与自然——环境与环境保护

1. 教材主题词块

1.live in harmony with 与……和谐共处

2.experience extreme weather 经历极端天气

3. keep the balance of ecosystem保持生态系统平衡

4. conserve natural habitats of animals保护动物自然栖息地

5. conservation of water and soil水土保持

6. slow down the rate of resource degradation降低资源消耗率

7.develop renewable resources开发可再生资源

8.arouse/raise people’s awareness of environmental protection激起/提高人们的环保意识

9. protect our surroundings保护我们的周边环境

10. achieve sustainable development实现可持续发展

2. 教材主题佳句

1. Only in this way can we live in harmony with the animals .

只有这样我们才能与动物和谐相处。

2. Water resources have become so badly polluted that some of the water is unfit to drink or to use .

3. 水资源已经被污染得如此严重,以至于一些水已经不适合饮用或使用。

4. It’s high time that we paid much attention to protecting our environment .

到了我们应该高度重视环境保护的时候了。

5. Everyone should take the responsibility of protecting the ecological environment .

保护生态环境,人人有责。

3. 话题应用

假如你是李华,现任你校交换生学生会主席。请你代表学生会起草一份倡议书,号召全体同学行动起来,为环保运动做出自己的努力。同时下周六学校将组织学生在全市进行环保宣传活动,征召志愿者到校学生会报名。

参考词汇: 宣传活动 a publicity campaign;招募 recruitment n./recruit v.

注意:

1.词数80左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear students,

On behalf of the University Students’ Union,①I am earnestly calling for your active participation in the environmental protection campaign(我真诚地呼吁你们积极参与环保运动).Only when the environment is properly protected can humans achieve sustainable development,so it is our duty ②to make considerable efforts to protect the environment(做出相当的努力来保护环境).

Now comes a great opportunity for you to make a difference.Next Saturday,our school will ③run a publicity campaign to advocate environmental protection across the city(在全市开展宣传活动来倡导环境保护),and the recruitment of volunteers is underway.④Let’s join our hands and take action immediately(让我们携起手来立刻行动吧).

Li Hua

Students’ Union

唐玉婷

单丽娟

翟林一

高春萍

高馨

高英

胡思霞

刘佳佳

陆赟

钱佳

史俊杰

王珏

徐禄

徐婷燕

张怡

张正良

一轮复习：必修3u1