一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

People with a rare genetic disorder known as Prader-Willi syndrome never feel full, and this excess hunger can lead to life-threatening obesity. Scientists studying the problem have now found that the fist-shaped structure known as the cerebellum(小脑)--which had not previously been linked to hunger--is key to regulating satiation in those with this condition.

This finding is the latest in a series of discoveries revealing that the cerebellum, long thought to be primarily involved in movement harmony, also plays a broad role in cognition, emotion and behavior. “We've opened up a whole field of cerebellar control of food intake,” says Albert Chen, a neuroscientist at the Scintillon Institute in California.

The project began with an accidental observation: Chen and his team noticed they could make mice stop eating by activating small pockets of neurons in regions known as the anterior deep cerebellar nuclei (aDCN), within the cerebellum. Fascinated, the researchers gathered data using functional MRI to compare brain activity in 14 people who had Prader-Willi syndrome with activity in 14 unaffected people while each testee viewed images of food -- either immediately following a meal or after fasting (禁食) for at least four hours.

New analysis of these scans revealed that activity in the same regions Chen's group had accurately pointed out in mice, the aDCN, appeared to be significantly disturbed in humans with Prader-Willi syndrome. In healthy individuals, the aDCN were more active in response to food images while fasting than just after a meal, but no such difference was identifiable in participants with the disorder. The result suggested that the aDCN were involved in controlling hunger. Further experiments on mice, conducted by researchers from several different institutions, demonstrated that activating the animals' aDCN neurons dramatically reduced food intake by weakening how the brain's pleasure center responds to food.

For years neuroscientists studying appetite focused mainly either on the hypothalamus, a brain area involved in regulating energy balance, or on reward-processing centers such as the nucleus accumbens (伏隔核). But this group has identified a new feeding center in the brain, says Elanor Hinton, a neuroscientist at the University of Bristol in England who was not involved with the study. “I've been working in appetite research for the past 15 years or so, and the cerebellum has just not been a target,” Hinton says. “I think this is going to be important both for Prader-Willi syndrome and, much more widely, to address obesity in the general population.”

1. Before the recent study, scientists had assumed that the cerebellum ________.

A. helps control everyday food intake                                      B. plays a minor role in movement harmony

C. has nothing to do with appetite regulation                                D. has a direct link to behavioral development

2. According to the project conducted by the researchers, ________.

A. the healthy testees were more likely to overeat after fasting

B. food images increased the appetite of the testees with Prader-Willi syndrome

C. the aDCN in the healthy testees responded to food images more actively after fasting

D. the aDCN in the testees with Prader-Willi syndrome made no response to food images

3. What does Elanor Hinton imply about future appetite research?

A. It may help in the early diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome.

B. It will have broader implications for the treatment of obesity.

C. The potential feeding center in human brain remains to be discovered.

D. More studies are needed to understand the link between appetite and reward-processing.

4. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. How our brain controls overeating.                                              B. How the aDCN works up our appetite.

C. How Prader-Willi syndrome can be prevented.                         D. How lowering food intake benefits our overall health.

B

The “reading wars,” one of the most confusing and disabling conflicts in the history of education, went on heatedly in the 1980s and then peace came. Advocates of phonics (learning by being taught the sound of each letter group) seemed to defeat advocates of whole language (learning by using cues like context and being exposed to much good literature).

Recent events suggest the conflict of complicated concepts is far from over. Teachers, parents and experts appear to agree that phonics is crucial, but what is going on in classrooms is not in agreement with what research studies say is required, which has aroused a national debate over the meaning of the word “phonics.”

Lucy M. Calkins, a professor at Columbia University's Teachers College and a much-respected expert on how to teach reading, has drawn attention with an eight-page essay. Here is part of her argument: “The important thing is to teach kids that they needn't freeze when they come to a hard word, nor skip past it. The important thing is to teach them that they have resources to draw upon, and to use those resources to develop endurance.”

To Calkins's critics, it is cruel and wasteful to encourage 6-year-olds to look for clues if they don't immediately know the correct sounds. They should work on decoding--knowing the pronunciation of every letter group--until they master it, say the critics, backed by much research.

Calkins's approach “is a slow, unreliable way to read words and an inefficient way to develop word recognition skill,” Mark S. Seidenberg, a psychologist at the University of Wisconsin, said in a blog post. “Dr. Calkins treats word recognition as a reasoning problem--like solving a puzzle. She is committed to the educational principle that children learn best by discovering how systems work rather than being told.”

Many others share his view. “Children should learn to decode--i.e., go from print on the page to words in the mind-- not by clever guesswork and inference, but by learning to decode,”Daniel Willingham, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, told me. He said the inferences Calkins applauds are “cognitively (认知地) demanding, and readers don't have much endurance for it. ...It disturbs the flow of what you're reading, and doing a lot of it gets frustrating.”

Yet a recent survey found that only 22 percent of 670 early-reading teachers are using the approach of phonics and what they mean by phonics is often no more than marking up a worksheet.

Both sides agree that children need to acquire the vocabulary and background information that gives meaning to words. But first, they have to pronounce them correctly to connect the words they have learned to speak.

Calkins said in her essay: “Much of what the phonics people are saying is praiseworthy,” but it would be a mistake to teach phonics “at the expense of reading and writing.” The two sides appear to agree with her on that.

1. Critics of phonics hold the opinion that ________.

A. children should be taught to use context                                    B. teaching phonics is both boring and useless

C. kids acquire vocabulary in hearing letter groups                       D. pronunciation has nothing to do with meaning of words

2. Which of the following statements is Mark S. Seidenberg most likely to agree with?

A. Tell me and I will forget; show me and I will remember.

B. Skilled reading is fast and automatic but not deliberative.

C. Word recognition skill should be developed in problem reasoning.

D. Learning to make reasonable inferences is also a way of decoding.

3. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. phonics approach has been proved to be successful

B. children don't shy away from difficulties in reading

C. the two reading approaches might integrate with each other

D. reading and writing are much more important than phonics

4. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. An everlasting reading war among critics                                   B. From print on the page to words in the mind

C. A battle restarts between phonics, whole language               D. Decoding and inferring confuse early-reading teachers

C

Brazilian artist Nele Azevedo is best known for big public art pieces.The artist carveshundreds of 20-centimeter-tall ice figures seated with their ankles crossed and places them atopoutdoor steps and puts them in city squares all over the world,where they quickly melt.Thefaceless sculptures drip and pool into small puddles as time passes.Her works have been adoptedby environmentalists as a kind of activist art against climate change.

But is it?Yes and (mostly)no.

The mass of melting bodies makes a natural connection to the threat humankind faces due torising global temperatures. “Its close link with that subject is evident,” said the artist.In additionto the threat of global warming itself,the sheer number of sculptures sitting together also callsattention to the fact that we humans are all in it together. “Such kind of threats also finally put manin his place,his fate is along with the destiny of the planet,and he is not the ‘king'of nature,but anessential element of it,continues Azevedo on her website.

“I took every characteristic of traditional monuments and made the opposite,” she says. “Imade small figures that sit on the floor.It doesn't honor anybody.It does honor the unknown.

Azevedo explains, “In a few-minute action,the rules of the monument are inverted:in theplace of the hero,the unknown:in the place of the solidity of the stone,the momentary process of the ice:in the place of the monument size,the minimum size of the perishable(易毁坏的)bodies.” Originally Azevedo wanted her art to get people thinking about impermanence,and thesight of ice transforming into a puddle of water certainly does that brilliantly.

1.What can we learn about Nele Azevedo's artworks?

A.They are put in public places for artists to appreciate.        B.They are adopted as a way of showing artistic talents.

     C.They are linked with the threat of climate change.               D.They are considered as a symbol of unity.

2.Which of the following can best replace the word “inverted” in paragraph 5?

     A.kept track of                            B.turned upside down               C.laid emphasis on                     D.taken into account

3.What can be inferred about the square show from the last paragraph?

     A.It is permanent by nature.                                                           B.It lacks practical influence. 
     C.It takes long to see the results.                                                 D.It conveys the artist's exact intention.

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

     A.Public Interest in Contemporary Art                                         B.Ice Figures Transforming into Water

     C.Responsibility Demanded of Activist Artists                           D.Mini Sculptures Echoing the Climate Crisis

D

Voices offer lots of information. It turns out that they can even help diagnosean illness and researchers are working on an app for that. The National Institutes of Health is funding a massive research project to collect voice data and develop an AI that could diagnose people based on their speech.

Everything such as your breathing patterns when you speak offers potential information about your health, says Dr. Yael Bensoussan, the director of the University ofSouth Florida's Health Voice Center and a leader on the study. “We asked experts: Well, if you close your eyes when a patient comes in, just by listening to their voice, can you have an idea of the diagnosis they have?” says Bensoussan. “And that's where we got all our information.” Someone who speaks low and slowly might have Parkinson's disease.

Depression or cancer could evenbe diagnosed.

The project is part of the NIH's Bridge to AI program, which was launched over a year ago with more than $100 million in funding from the government, with the goal of creating large-scale health care databases for precision (精准) medicine. “We were reallylacking what we call open source databases,” says Bensoussan. “Every institution has their own database. But to create these networks was really important to allow researchers from other generations to use this data.”

The ultimate goal of the project is an app that could help bridge access to rural or underserved communities, by helping general practitionersrefer patients to specialists. To get there, researchers have to start by amassing data, since the AI can only get as good as the database it's learning from. By the end of the four years, they hope to collect about 30,000 voices.

There are a few roadblocks, however. HIPAA, the law that regulates medical privacy, isn't really clear on whether researchers can share voices. Every institution has different rules on what can be shared, and that opens all sorts of moral and legal questions.

1.What is the project aimed at?

     A.Examining voice data.                                                                   B.Detecting speech problems.   
     C.Offering health information.                                                       D.Developing a medical diagnosis app.

2.What did Dr.Yael Bensoussan learn from the experts?

     A.Doctors work better with their eyes closed.                          B.Parkinson's disease can be easily discovered.

     C.How a person walks shows his health condition.                  D.The voice of a patient may indicate a certain illness.

3.What does the underlined word “amassing” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

     A.Storing.                             B.Analyzing.                          C.Collecting.                         D.Exchanging

4.What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A.The difficulty in carrying out the project.                                 B.The need to share voices concerning the project.

     C.The way to protect medical privacy in the project.               D.The proposal for issuing rules related to the project.

E

During the most isolating worldwide pandemic in a century, it's time to take a closer look at what may result in loneliness.

As a group, humans develop being around others, but how much and what kind of contact each person needs to feel part of a community varies among individuals as well as over one person's stage of life. “A common belief is that the loneliest people are those who are alone; actually, it's important to separate the two,” said Dr. Perissinotto, a professor of medicine at the University of California. “Kids with their families can be lonely because they can't see the friends at school; people who are not physically isolated can feel lonely because the community doesn't welcome them in; and older adults can experience loneliness through retirement or death of a loved one.” What leads to loneliness is much deeper than being alone.

With the pandemic exacerbating loneliness issues, an increasing number of health professionals are concerned about the mental and physical health risks associated with the feeling--like depression and early death, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. That's why, experts say, it's also time to look more closely at what we can do about loneliness.

“When it comes to fighting loneliness, the key is not looking at circumstances and assuming what feelings should be associated with it, but actually asking yourself if you are lonely,” Perissinotto said. “If your solitude is a choice and you have people who can support you if you need help, there is no saying you can't live a happy life.” And just as solitude doesn't necessarily equal loneliness, interaction doesn't mean fulfilment for everyone, according to Hawkley, a principal research scientist at the University of Chicago. “People can be around others and feel lonely anyway or they can be pretty much single souls and not be lonely,” Hawkley pointed out.

Hawkley divides connections into three primary types and holds that loneliness can stem from the sensing of a lack of any of them. “The first type happens when someone like a spouse is so close to you that part of your identity becomes closely connected with his or hers. Then there is the second type, which you establish with your close friends, as well as the third type--those interactions that make you feel part of a community.”

It is suggested that one identify what kind of loss of connection his loneliness is coming from and then evaluate the quality of his various relationships. Identifying the kind of connection that one is longing for and the quality of the relationships he already has are important first steps, but where one goes from there depends entirely on his specific context.

1. According to the passage, Perissinotto probably agrees that ________.

A. people living on an isolated island tend to be more lonely.                                                       
B. asking someone if he's lonely doesn't help fight loneliness.

C. those choosing to be alone do not necessarily feel upset.

D. someone without community admission feels powerless.

2. The underlined word exacerbating in paragraph 3 most probably means ________.

A. worsening                               B. ascending                                C. confusing                                 D. alleviating

3. What can we conclude from the last two paragraphs?

A. There are no obvious connections among three different types of loneliness.

B. Hawkley holds that people lacking one of the three connections feel lonely.

C. Recognizing one's missing connection is helpful in dealing with loneliness.

D. The quality of one's relationships is not so important as his specific context.

4. What's the author's attitude towards the loneliness issue?

A. Skeptical                                  B. Concerned                               C. Appreciative                           D. Contradictory

F

Search engines have changed the way we use the Internet, putting vast sources of information just a few clicks away. But Harvard professor of psychology Line Daniel Wegner's recent research proves that websites and the Internet are changing much more than technology itself. They are changing the way our memories function. Wegner's latest study shows that when people have access to search engines, they remember fewer facts and less information because they know they can rely on “search” as a readily available shortcut.

Wegner believes the new findings show that the Internet has become part of a transactive memory source, a method by which our brains divide information. Transactive memory exists in many forms, as when a husband relies on his wife to remember a relative's birthday. You don't have to remember everything in the world yourself. You just have to remember who knows it. Now computers and technology are becoming virtual extensions of our memory.

Wegner conducted several experiments to demonstrate the phenomenon, using various forms of memory recall to test reliance on computers. In one experiment, participants demonstrated that they were more likely to think of computer terms like “Yahoo” or “Google” after being asked a set of difficult trivia questions. In another experiment, participants typed some statements into a computer and they were told the statements would be saved in specific folders. Next, they were asked to recall the statements. Finally, they were given cues to the wording and asked to name the folders where the statements were stored. The participants proved better able to recall the folder locations than the statements themselves.

Wegner admits that questions remain about whether dependence on computers will affect memories negatively: “Nobody knows now what the effects of these tools are on logical thinking.” Students who have trouble remembering distinct facts, for example, may struggle to employ those facts in critical thinking. But he believes that the situation overall is beneficial, comparing dependence on computers to dependence on a mechanical hand or other prosthetic device.

And even though we may not be using our memories to recall distinct facts, we are still using them to consider where the facts are located and how to access them. “We still have to remember things,” Wegner explains. “We're just remembering a different range of things.” He believes his study will lead to further research into understanding computer dependence, and looks forward to tracing the extent of human interdependence with the computer world--pinpointing the “movable dividing line between us and our computers in cyber networks.”

1.The example of remembering a relative's birthday in the second paragraph is used to ________.

A. showcase that people who are closely related tend to have shared memories

B. demonstrate how people initially developed external sources of memory

C. illustrate the concept of a transactive memory source using a familiar situation

D. emphasize the effectiveness and accuracy of transactive memory sources

2. From the experiment ,when asked to provide facts that are not familiar to them, people tend to ________.

A. think of specific information sources                                          B. type into computer and remember them

C. recall them from their deep memories                                      D. link the unfamiliar facts to their experiences

3. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. Computer dependence affects our thinking capacities in other distinct fields.

B. Reliance on computers does not necessarily reduce human memory.

C. Computers have helped people to understand the memory system better.

D. Researches should be done to reveal the side effect of computer dependence.

4. Which of the following can serve as the best title?

A. Wegner's Research Has Pinpointed The Dividing Line

B. Heavy Reliance On Computer For Storing More Information

C. Human's Memory Capability Becoming Inevitably Weaker

D. Technological Networks Reshaping Our Brain Functions

二、任务型阅读：阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

（一）

Medicine is a degree that consists of an endless number of exams,and recently I received myfirst year results.Waiting for those results was one of the most anxiety-generating experiences.

___1___Failing brings judgement from others,a topic of discussion for people,and the rightfor others to say you are not capable.The stress associated with failing is created by others aroundyou,rather than by the event itself.

I have recently been reading The Psychology of Money by Morgan House,which clarifiesthat failure has a strong presence among those who have achieved success.People will alwaysfocus on Warren Buffett's success as an investor. ___2___

The process of achieving success has often involved setbacks and “failures” along the way.Ireceived a “pass” grade on an important research paper during my master's,which put my finalgrade in a dangerous situation.I was rejected from medical schools which I'd spent time and effortapplying to and preparing for. ___3___I also began studying Medicine last year.

___4___But you should know that with each failure you are closer to success,building furtherlayers to the foundations you started.Behind every successful person are more obstacles andsetbacks,but these are not as interesting to focus on or as enviable.

The noise around you,whether it be from co-workers,friends or parents,should not shakeyour belief in your abilities. ___5___Learn what you need and correct your approach until youreach your success.

A.Failure is your platform to success.

B.You are guaranteed a lifetime of success.

C.I was turned down by countless graduate schemes.

D.You may not be successful the first,second or however many times.

E.Upon reflection I believe that this is partly as a result of the failure itself.

F.Despite all of this,I ended up getting a distinction in my master's degree.

G.However,rarely will they see how many times his investments have failed.

（二）

Adolescence is a crucial period when the subject experiences a process of growth, the development of his own personality, and the discovery of himself.

___1___

They are often upset when their children praise the homes of their friends and regard it as a slur on their own cooking, or cleaning, or furniture, and often are foolish enough to let the adolescents see they are annoyed. ___2___Such a loss of dignity and descent into childish behaviour on the part of the adults deeply shocks the adolescents, and makes them resolve that in future they will not talk to their parents about anything private.

Disillusionment(幻灭感)with the parents, however good and adequate they may be both as parents and as individuals,is to some degree inevitable. Most children have such a high ideal of their parents, unless the parents themselves have been unsatisfactory, ___3___Parents would be greatly surprised and deeply touched if they realized how much belief their children usually have in their character and infallibility, and how much this faith means to a child. If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that___4___, they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it.

Victorian parents believed that they kept their dignity by retreating behind an unreasoning authoritarianattitude; in fact they did nothing of the kind, but children were then too cowed to let them know how they really felt while ___5___, but on the whole this is a healthier attitude both for the child and the parent. It is always wiser and safer to face up to reality, however painful it may be at the moment.

A. in contemporary societies we tend to go to the other extreme.

B. They may even accuse them of disloyalty or make some spiteful remarks.

C. which almost eliminated the disillusionment via sincere talks.

D. But how do parents feel about their kids' independence shown out?

E. adolescents came to terms with their unreasoning demands.

F. that it can hardly stand up to a realistic evaluation.

G. the child was developing valuable powers of observation and judgment.

三、完形填空：阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I was never very neat. Later in life I learned to owe this boutsof __1__ to the flip side of my unique gifts and talents. Yet, when I arrived at college, I hadn't come up with any impressive reasons for my big messes. They just were, and my roommate didn't seem to __2__their contribution to my bright future. I'm not sure why they stuck us together. Kim was extremely organized, who __3__everything and each item she owned had its place. Kim and I were__4__ each other. She would complain about my dirty clothes, I would complain about Lysol headaches.

It came to a head one fateful October evening. Kim came into the room and had some kind of fit because one of my shoes had __5__found its way beneath her bed. I don't know what was so significant about that shoe but it __6__her! She picked it up, tossed it toward my side of the room and managed to knock my lamp onto the floor. The light bulb __7__,covering the layer of clothes I had been planning to fold that very night. I leapt off the bed in horror and immediately started yelling about her __8__ rudeness.

When the phone rang she picked it up and I could tell right away it wasn't good news. I knew Kim had a boyfriend back home and I could tell that he was breaking up with her. Though I didn't __9__for it to happen, I could feel the warm feelings of __10__rising up in my heart. The experience of losing a boyfriend was giving me a sense of déjà vu (似曾相识).

Therefore,sensing her faint sobbing,I knew I need to make a change.

I __11__ with the cluttered room and managed to get everything in place.When I was finally done I went and sat at her bed,awaiting her response.

That day__12__our make-up.Her reaction to my unusual__13__really hammered my heart,bringing out the tenderness,which became the__14__between us.It dawned on me that learning how to be empathetic roommates enabled us to __15__ hearty human interactions.

1. A.distribution                              B. disorganization                      C. property                                   D.prosperity

2. A. appreciate                               B. assemble                                 C. accomplish                              D.accelerate

3. A. reserved                                B. highlighted                              C. labeled                                    D.dumped

4. A.took over                                  B. tore down                                C. fed up with                              D. touched off

5. A. invariably                                 B. temporarily                             C. somewhat                              D. somehow

6. A. annoyed                                  B. attracted                                 C. frightened                              D. refreshed

7. A. survived                                   B. shattered                                C. bounced                                   D. expanded

8. A. enthusiastic                            B. desperate                                C. sensible                                    D. ridiculous

9. A. point                                        B. mean                                        C. get                                             D. set

10. A. sympathy                              B. discipline                                C. regulation                             D. substitute

11. A. corresponded                       B. progressed                            C. wrestled                                 D. exploded

12. A. exposed                                 B. witnessed                                C. fueled                                       D. spotted

13. A. apology                                 B. criterion                                   C. conflict                                     D. parade

14. A. calculator                           B. monitor                                    C. mess-maker                        D. ice-breaker

15. A. dominate                            B. integrate                                C. facilitate                                  D. withdraw

五、拓展练习
（一）词汇表达检测
dump_________________                        invariably _________________                shattered_________________

bounce  _________________                 bounced _________________                  criterion _________________

dominate _________________                integrate _________________                facilitate _________________

atop _________________                         solidity _________________                     momentary _________________

monument _________________             perishable _________________              impermanence _________________

diagnose _________________                 precision _________________                 alleviate _________________

trivia _________________                        infallibility _________________               authoritarian _________________

spiteful_________________                     eliminate_________________                 empathetic_________________
assemble_________________       cognition_________________                  endurance _________________
decode_________________                     inference_________________                 inevitably_________________
external
感觉到她微弱的哭泣_________________                              我突然意识到了_________________
锤击我的心_________________                                                 长期以来被认为是_________________
一个令人困惑的和禁用的冲突_________________                    致力于_________________

（二）语法练习

(一)

New analysis of these scans revealed that activity in the same regions Chen's group accurately _________(point) out in mice, the aDCN, significantlyappeared_________(disturb) in humans with Prader-Willi syndrome. In healthy individuals, the aDCN were more active_________response to food images while fasting than just after a meal, but no such difference was _________(identify) in participants_________the disorder. The result suggested that the aDCN were involved in controlling hunger. Further experiments on mice, conducted by researchers from several different institutions, demonstrated that__________(activate) the animals' aDCN neurons dramatically reduced food intake by weakening _________the brain's pleasure center responds to food.
For years neuroscientists studying appetite focused mainly either_________the hypothalamus, a brain area_________ (involve) in regulating energy balance, _________on reward-processing centers such as the nucleus accumbens (伏隔核). But this group has identified a new ________(feed) center in the brain, says Elanor Hinton, a neuroscientist at the University of Bristol in England who was not involved with the study. “I __________(work) in appetite research for the past 15 years or so, and the cerebellum has just not been a target,” Hinton says. “I think this is going to be important both for Prader-Willi syndrome and much more widely, __________(address) obesity in the general population.”

(二)

The “reading wars,” one of the most confusing and ___________(disable) conflicts in the history of education, __________(go)on heatedly in the 1980s and then peace came. Advocates of phonics--learning by__________(teach) the sound of each letter group, seemed to defeat advocates of whole language--learning by using cues like context and being __________(expose) to much good literature.

Recent events suggest the conflict of complicated concepts__________(be)far from over. Teachers, parents and experts appear to agree that phonics is crucial, but what is going on in classrooms is not in agreement with___________ research studies say is required, __________has aroused a national debate over the meaning of the word “phonics.”

(三)

The project is part of the NIH's Bridge to AI program, which _________(launch) over a year ago with more than $100 million in funding_________the government, with the goal of creating large-scale health care databases________precision medicine. “We were reallylacking ________we call open source databases,” says Bensoussan. “Every institution has their own database. But ________(create) these networks was really important to allow researchers________other generations to use this data.”
The ultimate goal of the project is an app that could help bridge access_________rural or underserved communities, _________ helping general practitionersrefer patients_________specialists. To get there, researchers have to start by amassing data, since the AI can only get as good as the database it's learning________. By the end of the four years, they hope to collect about 30,000 voices.
There are a few roadblocks, however. HIPAA, the law that regulates medical privacy, isn't really clear_______whether researchers can share voices. Every institution has different rules_________what can be shared, and that opens all sorts of moral and legal questions.

 

一、CCBA  ABCCCBDBDDCACACB CABD  二、EGFDA   DBFGA三、BACAD  CABBC  DBDAC

四、

dump v. 倾倒；丢弃，乱放；推卸；倾销；转存；与…断绝关系

n. 垃圾场；脏地方；转存；临时堆积处

invariably adv. 总是；不变地；一贯地

shattered adj. 破碎的；极度疲劳的

v. 打碎；破坏，损坏；使心烦意乱(shatter的过去分词)

bounce v. （使）弹起；反射；蹦跳，上下晃动；被拒付，退回；试探；开除；与…探讨
bounced adj（朝某个方向）颠簸行进
criterion n. （判定的）标准，准则

dominate v. 在…中占首要地位；控制，支配；俯视，高耸于

integrate v. 合并；成为一体；加入；融入群体

facilitate v. 促进；使便利

atop prep.  在…顶上

solidity n. 可靠性；固性；硬度；固态

momentary adj. 短暂的；瞬间的；随时会发生的；时时刻刻的

monument n. 纪念碑；历史遗迹；丰碑

perishable adj. 易腐烂的；易腐败的；易毁灭的；易消亡的

impermanence n. 暂时，无常

diagnose v. 诊断；判断

precision n. 精确度，准确（性）；[语]精确

alleviate v. 减轻；缓解

trivia n. 琐事，不足道的细枝末节；（中世纪大学的）三学科( trivium的名词复数)；薄物细故

infallibility n. 无错误，无过失（性）

authoritarian adj. 权力主义的；独裁主义的

spiteful adj. 恶意的，居心不良的，故意使人苦恼的；刻毒

eliminate v. 排除，清除；淘汰；消灭

empathetic adj. 移情作用的，感情移入的
assemble v. 聚集，收集；组装

cognition n. 认知；认识

endurance n. 忍耐（力）
decodevt. 译（码），解（码）；分析及译解电子信号
inference n. 推理；推断；推论
Inevitably adv. 不可避免地；必然地
external n. 外面，外部adj. 外面的，外部的；外来的；与外国有关的
感觉到她微弱的哭泣 sense her faint sobbing
我突然意识到了It dawned on me that
锤击我的心hammered my heart

长期以来被认为是long thought to be
一个令人困惑的和禁用的冲突a confusing and disabling conflicts
致力于be committed to

(一)had pointed; to be disturbed; in; identifiable; with; activating; how; on; involved; or; feeding;have been working; to address;

(二)disabling; went; being taught; being exposed; is; what;which;
(三)was launched; from; for; what; to create; from; to; by; to; from; on; on;